Fuel-supply device for internal-combustion engines.



l L. s: HALL. FUELSUPPLY DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES'.

I APPLICATION FILED DEC. l. 1915.

Patented Apr. 23,1918.

2 SHEETS-SHFET I.

Wiwsses L. a. HALL.

' FUEL SUPPLY DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

L APPLICATION FILED nic. I. IsIe.

M@ :l Patenwd Apr. 23,1918. L

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII Gum.

To all whom 1f-mag concern: 1 l

Be it known thatv I, Louis BnNNErl-ALL,

y a subject of the King of England, residing ample is illustratedv in the pumped into the-cylinder ofthe in the "whereby `the'proper amount of 1n London, England, have invented certain c new and useful Improvements in Fuel-Sup ply .Devices forl Internal-Combustion Englues, of which the following is a-speciiica-- tion.

This invention relates to improvements in fuel supply devices for internal combustion engines 'of "the type in which liquid is engine or a fuel pipe leading thereto. l The object of luy-'invention is to provide a cheap and efiicient device of this characterr in which. the amount of liquid fuel .pumped to the engine is controlled by the Weightof the fuel passing tothe engine, so that the proper mixture for forming an explosive charge is suppliedI thereto. I"acc'omplish this by 'providing a pulsatorfor l actuating theliquid fuel which pulv sator is actuated -by they englne tobe supplied, and I vary the strokev ofthe pump y connecting the pulsator. with the; fuel supply for the engine so that theA pressure pulsator will vary in accordancewith the amount .of fuel passing to' the engine liquid will be fed4 to the engine for each charge.

Pump,

The precise nature of my `invention willv be best understood by reference tothe accompanying which I have shown one form of my device, it being understood, however, that various changes may struction of the device Without varying from the spirit 'and scope `,of my invention, as defined in the appended claims.

The mechanical construction of the device may be considerably varied. One exaccompanying drawings wherein-- Figure of one construction according to the present invention, and

Figs. 2 and 3 are constructions of the pulsator alternative to the construction thereof comprised in F ig. 1.

Like letters indicate like parts through out the drawings..

With referenceA first to Fig. l, afuel 'pump F P is provided having valves lVand OV forthe inlet Yand outlet of the petrol.

or paraffin or other liquid fuelfihe outlet-'1 valve is inn'a fuel *deliveryV passage come drawings described below, inA

be made 4,the details of conbottom of the stroke.

1 is a'longitudinal central section v occurring during Louie runner Hariri, or Lennon, nnetaun.

serial no. 134,238.

lla'tented Apr.; 23, 191% municatingwith the combustion-chamber of i the engine 1n any convenient or usual inanner. The `fuel-pump is provided with a, ram

'li which recip'rocates 1n the pump-body and draws the fuel `from any suitable 'Source of supply through the inlet-valve IV and exp'els it tln'ougi the outlet-valve 0V, to the engine. Uutside the-pump-body the ram or slider carries a roller' R1 through which it 'is driven. The roller Ll 4 of a. forked swinging lever L1 L'p'iv"F engages one arm oted by a fulcrum F between its ends, upon 'the end ofan adjustinglever lAL. The other "arm L2 of the lever is likewise forked and engages a roller R2 whichy is carried upon the reciprocating pumpoperating piston POP.- This piston slidesto and `fro in a cylinder C and acts against a spiral spring SP in' compression between the piston .andV the Wall of thebox or* casing K in' which'most ofthe apparatus is contained and which can becharged with a lubricant. By moving'up or down the adjustinglever AL whichl carries the forked swinginglever L1 L2, tlieivirtual .length of one ofthe arms L1 or= L? may be increased, and thatV of the other'redueed, so that the amount of" i stroke imparted .to the ram lt of the fuell pump FP for a given movement ofthe nunpoperating piston as may be desiredc The pulsator which thepulsator piston PlI works, the lat ter being drivenJoyv crank and connecting rod from a shaft S geared to the engine. The pulsatorcylinder' PG is provided with an annular port A. at such a point that this port is just uncovered by the piston at the To this annular port from, say, combustion engine (by way leads'a pipo l) of the internal if desired of point between the throttle-valve and vthe engine-cylinders. In order to mini mizc the in- 'tei-change of gases between the pulsntor and engine, the periodic connection of the pulsator to engine should he so limited that the change, lffaiiy,

in time of pulsator volume their Conner-thin should be as small as is practicable; this 'is the reason. for arranging that the connection at the port an equalizing chamber) at a' POP can be varied co1n1. rises a cylinder PCfin the inlet-conduit A should occur in the pulsator illustrated whenv the pulsator-piston isnt or near the cud of its Voutward stroke. p.

The'uiiper end of .th-e pulsatoihcylinder is connected through a4 pipe Q without valves lll) . direct to the interior of the cylinder C the moment, and compresses this during the cordance with the change, it' any, which may haveoccurred in the condltions 1n the pipe` up-stroke to a corresponding pressure which, acting on the pump-operating piston POP, forces it to move in its cylinder against the resistance of the spring SP through a distance dependent upon the inalainount of compression in the column in Q between the pulsator and the pump-operating piston and simultaneously the rain R of the fuel-pump FP is operated by the lever L1 L2 to a corresponding degree to force out a proportionate charge of liquid fuel for the engine through the outlet valve OV. On the return or downward stroke of the pulsator` thev saine column will be rexpanded and the fuel-pump will make its return stroke assisted by the spring 'SP which the pumpoperating piston previously compressed. When next the pulsator-piston is at the bottoni of its stroke a small How of air will take place either inward or outward from the annular port A, so that the contents of the pulsator-cylinder change slightly in ac- P leading from the engine, and again the fuel-pump will be given a strokeaccordingly.

' In the construction of pulsator-cylinder illustrated in Fig. 2, a. screwed plug AP is provided to constitute an adjustable cylinder-end which can be screwed in or out to vary the-clearance-space in the pulsatorcyli'nder, and thus alter the compressionratio of the pulsator. A lock-nut LN is provided to keep this adjustable cylinder-end Huid-tight in its place after adjustment;

vIn the construction ot' pulsator illustrated in Fig. 3 the amount of clearance in the pnlsator-cylinder can easily 'be adjusted while the pulsator is running, .for the cylinderend-is continued downward to forni a sleeve SL in which the pulsator-pisten works; a rod M is extended upwardly from it through a Screw adjlisting-device ot' a well-known type by which the sleeve SL and with it the cylinder-head can be moved nearer to or farther 'rom the unaltering upward limit of stroke of the pulsator-piston7 to vary the clearance.

In the construction illustrated in Fig. 3, there must be amechanically-operated valve V operated either from the engine or from the pulsator crank-shaft to open at the proper time and for the proper period the connection P between the pulsator and the engine-cylinder or other source ot supply. The timing of the valve V should be such lLacasse that the pipe P is not put into communica.- tion with the pulsator-cylinder until the pulsator piston is at or near the end el its down-stroke; the piston coperates with a port that may happen to be shifted to different positions by movement of the sleeve SL and therefore piston and port are not used to eli'ect the timing in this construction.

In both these eases the cylinder-heads being movable the pi e-connections leading to them must be exi le f" By variation of the clearance-spaces of the pulsator the-stroke of the fuel-pump -may be adjusted into' the desired relationship with the compression-pressure obtained in the pulsator-cylinder, in which case the adjust-nient of the position of the ulcrum F in Fig. 1 capable of edecting a like result can be dispensed with. Or the adjustable ulcrum and the adjustability of the compression-spaces may both be employed.

The box or casing K should be Aair-tight, and there should be a pipe-connection EP between the pipe P and the inside of the casing K to equilibrate the different pressures which may exist from time to time in the pipe P with the pressure inside the casing, that is to say with the fluid pressure acting against the right-hand end or louter face ot the pump-operating piston. These pressures will nearly always dilfer from the pressure of the external air, It the pump-operating piston be thus equilibrated, and pressure variations external to the apparatus be excluded, the final absolute pressures ot' compression in the pulsator, less the Huid pressure in the casing, become what may be termed the final gage pressures for the pulsator. These final gage pressures thus arrived at are the effective pressures by which the range through which the spring SP is compressed foreach compression-stroke ot' the pulsator is determined, and the spring, actuated by pressures remaining after the piston POP has been equilibrated for its admission or initial atmospheric pressure in the manner above described, will be found to be compressed in length in each action of the pnlsator by reductions varying, not in a ratio which is difficult to deal with mechanically, but in asimple ratio, namely, the same ratio as that in which the absolute admission-pressures to the pulsator vary. That is to say, it the pulsator takes in a sample of air at a certain absolute admission-pressure(which also is the pressure in the casing K) and compresses it to 30 lbs. gage or effective `pressure with a resulting reduction ol the length ot the spring by of an inch, and

a later stroke et the pulsator takes in a.-

sample ot' air at double the absolute admission-pressure atoresaid (which shall also be the pressure 1n the casing K) and conisures in the pulsator oi' the other sample lof the length of adiabati cally, there 'llie fuel-.supply device,

exists-or even to the 'to secure by Letters i 1. A fuel-supply' device for internal compresses it intdthe same linal'volume asfthat there Willf'be a 'final gage or ei'ective' pressure, arrived at in the manner above described, of lbs. to-

and a consequentA reductionthe spring by 'of aninch, lt .should benoted that the range of pres- 4may be designed to be lvery much less than inthe compression` stroke of the enginefcylinder, and ymore` the square inch,

over that as in the pulsa-tor the-same ail-,n

with verysmall differences, is iii-st 4compressed adiabatically and thenexpanded tinual increase of heat infthe apparatus, for the mean temperature in thefseries of strokes or' the' pulsator is constant or vVery nearly so.

ln the foregoing scribed an apparatus to be used in connection lwith 4a single cylinder engine, but 4it will be .readily understood by those familiar with the 'art that my invention 'is adapted to be used 'in comiectioii with a-Inulti-cylinder engine.

lt will be seen that as the presses and re-conipress`es continually, in the example illustrated, the same column of air, or as at any rate the end of thev colunin nearest the pump operating piston .POP is alwaysof the saine air, there is no rush of heated air from theengine to but'only an oscillatory movement of by connecting the `pulsato'r to the 'suctionpipe or inlet-pipe of the engine (or to' any part of the installation 'inn/bleh' representative oi the air-charge-in each cylinder at the commencement h i external atmosphere it the running conditions make the` external atniospl'icre'D representative in. the sense justpi-eviously indicated) instead of tothe eylinder compression-space, the .slight inter.- change of` air between'the pulsator and the en gine' which occurs iyhen'the position oit' the throttle-valve is changed, can only introduce cold, or nearly colt y inlet-airto the pulsator. But instead of sampling the air from' the inhibe-enduit, the air in the cylinderv prior even during` compression4 could be sampled, and the pulsator-pressure I to compression or equalized therewith at the commencement of the pulsator-stroke and raised later on in that Poke.

Vliat l claim as my invention and desire Patent is bustiou engines, comprising a pump Toi' delivei'ing liquid, a pulsator, means for'actuatiug the pulsator in timedrel'ation. to the engine tobe supplied with fuel, pump actuating means connected to the pulsator, .nidineans controlled by the pressure of thc Y i il'iel passing to the engine tor varying the is no Itendency to conl 'tothe-intake for the engine, description I have -depulsator lcointhe said colunin. Further,`

of compression therein.

- and the "ing pressure to the movement of the4 pump actuating means, substantially as described.v ,y 2. A fuel-supply device for internal combustionengines, comprising' a pump having a piston for delivering liquid fuel' to theengine to be' supplied, a pulsator having .a cylinder and a shaft for' actuating'said piston, means for actuating said crank shaft in timed relation to said engine,

a motoncylinder, a piston therein, actuating connections between said piston' land the pumpl pistonv for actuating the pump p iston,A av pipe connected to the pulsator cylinder foiwleliveijing pressure to the motor cylins der 'for actuating and a port communicating vvvith said connection andthe pulsator cylinder arranged to `be opened.

near the end-of the stroke ofthe pulsator pist/on' therein, a crank and the motor cylinder'A the motor piston, a corr. nection leading freni the pulsator cylinder piston, inorder to equalize the pressure in the pulsator cylinder and the pressure in said connection, substantially .as described.

. 3. -A fuel-supply device for internal com bustion engines, comprising a pump having' a piston lfor delivering liquid 'fuelto the y engine to be supplied, a pulsator yhavingfa cylinder and a piston therein, a crank shaft for. actuating said piston, amotor cylinder,

apiston therein, actuating connections between said piston and the actuatingthe pump piston, to the pulsator cylindery cylinder for delivering pressure to the motor cylinder' forl actuating the one direction, a spring for moving said `motor piston in the reverse direction, a connection leading from the pulsator .cylinder to the intake for tlieengine,

pump piston for a pipe connected be opened near the end of the stroke of the pulsator piston, in order to equalize the, the pulsator cylinder and the said connection, substantially as pulsator cylinder arranged to' pressure i in described.-

" 4; A fuel-'supply device for internal vcompump having the engine, a port communicating with said connection and tlie pulsator cylinder farranged to be opened near the end of the stroke of the pulsator piston, in order to motor piston in pressure in saidfpiston, means for actu-l and the motorizo' motor cylinder for actumit) equalize the pressure in the puisator cylinder and the pressure in said connection,l and means for varying the area ofthe pulsator cylinder, substantially as described.

5. A fuel-supply device for internal combustionv engines, comprising a pump having a piston for delivering liquid fuel to the engine to be supplied, a pulsator having a cylinder and piston therein, an adjustable cylinder head in one end of said cylinder, means for adjusting said cylinder head, a motor cylinder, a piston therein, actuating connections between the motor piston and the pump piston, a pipe connected to one end of the pulsator cylinder and one end 0f the motor cylinder for delivering pressure to the motor cylinder for actuatingthe motor piston in dne direction, means for actuating the motor' piston in the other direction, a connection leading from 'the pulsator cylinder to the intake for the engine, a port communicating with said connection and the pulsator cylinder, and a valve in said port arranged to be opened near the end of the expansion .stroke of the pulsator piston to equalize the pressure in the pulsator cylinder and the pressure in said connection, substantially as described.

6. A fuel-supply device for internal combustion engines,l comprising a pumpcylinder haring a piston therein for delivering llquid fuel, a pulsator having a cylinder and a piston therein, means for actuating said piston, -a motor cylinder, a piston therein, adjustable actuating connections between said piston and the pump piston for actuating the pump piston, said adjustable connections being arranged to vary the pulsator cylinder and the motor cylinder for delivering pressure to the motor cylinder for actuating the motor piston in one direction, and other means for actuating the piston in the other direction, substantially as described.

17. A fuel supply device for internal combustion engines, comprising a pump having a piston for delivering liquid fuel to the engine' to be supplied, a pulsator having a cylinder and. a piston therein, a motor cylinder, a piston therein, actuating connections-between said piston and the pump piston for actuating the pump piston, a pipe connected to the pulsator cylinder and one end of the motor 'cylinder for delivering pressure to the motor cylinder for actuating the motor piston in one direction, a spring for moving said motor piston in the reverse "direction, a pressure chamber at the other end ofthe motor cylinder, a connection 'leading from the pulsator cylinder to the intake for the engine, a port communicating with said connection and the pulsator cylinder arranged to be opened near the end of the stroke of the pulsator piston in order to equalize the pressure in the pulsator cylinder and the pressure in said connection, and a connection leading. from the pressure chamber to the intake for the engine to equalize the pressure in thc pressure chamber and the pulsator cylinder, substantially as described.

ln testimony whereof I have signed my naine to this specification.

LOUIS BENNET HALL. 

